Diamond (Heera)

Diamond’s beauty, rarity, and luster separate it from all other gemstones. Diamonds are the hardest substance on earth. They have a hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale. Diamonds have a very high luster(adamantine). The value of a diamond depends on the 4Cs- Color, Clarity, Cut, and Carat. The color of a diamond ranges from D-Z where D stands for the finest(colorless) and so on. After Z, the diamonds fall under the category of fancy colors. Pure fancy colors are quite expensive. They can be more valuable than colorless diamonds as well. Clarity grades are as follows- FL, IF, VVS, VS, SI, and I(respectively). Cut grades range from excellent to poor. Diamond prices increase exponentially as the size increases.

Diamonds are mined in various areas of the world like Africa, Russia, Canada, Australia, and so on. They can be treated using various methods like Fracture Filling, Laser drilling, and High-Pressure High Temperature (HPHT).

Diamonds can be synthesized using 2 methods- CVD and HPHT. It is impossible to separate them from natural diamonds without advanced laboratory experiments. Its various imitations include- Zircon, CZ, GGG, YAG, glass, Synthetic Moissanite, and many more.